انواع بخیه

این نوع بخیه تحت نام بخیه ممتد یا همان continuous  هم در بخش بالینی ما شناخته شده است شکل کاملا واضح است اما اگر باز هم مشکلی بود پیغام بگذارید تا توضیح کامل فارسی بگذارم.



Running, or Continuous Stitch
The "Running" stitch is made with one continuous length of suture material. Used to close tissue layers which require close approximation, such as the peritoneum. May also be used in skin or blood vessels. The advantages of the running stitch are speed of execution, and accommodation of edema during the wound healing process. However, there is a greater potential for malapproximation of wound edges with the running stitch than with the interrupted stitch


بخیه ای که در کشور ما با نام ساده یا simple شناخته شده است.



Interrupted Stitch
Each stitch is tied separately. May be used in skin or underlying tissue layers. More exact approximation of wound edges can be achieved with this technique than with the running stitch




Purse String
A continuous stitch paralleling the edges of a circular wound. The wound edges are inverted when tied. Commonly used to close circular wounds, such as hernia or an appendiceal stump




Smead-Jones/Far-and-Near
A double loop technique alternating far and near stitches, and possessing greater mechanical strength than continuous or simple interrupted sutures. Commonly used for approximating fascial edges, especially for patients at risk for fascial disruption or infection




Continuous Locking, or Blanket Stitch
A self-locking running stitch used primarily for approximating skin edges


انواع نخ ها

Polypropylene: a nonabsorbable, monofilament material that is the least reactive of all suture materials; it is used with continuous percutaneous suturing. Its disadvantage is that it has coiled memory, making it difficult to handle


Nylon: a nonabsorbable suturing material that degrades in vivo by hydrolysis at a rate of about 125% annually. The advantages of nylon are good pliability and ease of handling. It is favored for interrupted percutaneous suture closures. Nylon sutures are available in monofilament and multifilament construction. Braided nylon sutures possess the same handling and knot construction characteristics as silk sutures, but unlike natural fiber, nylon is relatively nonreactive in tissue



Synthetic absorbable: absorbable refers to the degradation and loss of tensile strength within 60 days. Absorption and loss of tensile strength are not interchangeable. The former is important only with regard to late suture complications; the latter speaks to the primary function of the suture -- maintaining tissue approximation


Braided synthetic absorbable:
useful for interrupted dermal suture and ligating bleeders

Monofilament synthetic absorbable: indicated for continuous dermal suture


تصاویر و تکنیک های  قشنگی است ببینید!



Staples
Staples are less reactive than the least reactive suture. Deeply implanted staples do not affect tissue defenses, although staple cross members that are flush with the skin can produce cross-hatched scarring. The development of disposable staplers with absorbable tacks obviates the need for removal of staples. Subcuticular closure of skin is now also possible through the use of a disposable stapler that uses twin gripper blades to approximate and evert the wound edges and insert a disposable pin into the dermis




Tape is the least reactive of man-made wound closure materials. Tape with hypoallergenic adhesive on spun bonded nylon without reinforcing filaments has the best record for avoiding premature detachment. It also reduces the incidence of stress blister formation


dermatome
Skin being harvested from the abdomen with a dermatome.

Types of Wound Closure:
Skin Grafts

Skin grafts are used only when the wound cannot be closed by direct approximation. They are usually classified as split-thickness or full-thickness. Split-thickness skin grafts (STSGs) include the epidermis and some portion of the dermis. Full-thickness skin grafts (FTSGs) include the epidermis and the dermis.

Choice between them is based on the wound to be closed. Thin grafts take more easily and can be used on questionably reliable surfaces; thicker grafts maintain a more normal appearance and are particularly useful where a desirable cosmetic outcome is required, eg, the face

graft application
Split thickness graft is applied to debrided burn wound.

15 days post-op


15 days after wound coverage. Epithelialization is evident between the interstices of the graft strip



Sutures attached to needles are the most common method of approximating skin edges. Sutures are classified as absorbable or nonabsorbable and as either monofilament or multifilament. Sutures vary in their capability to provoke infection, with catgut being the most "reactive" and polypropylene being one of the least "reactive" suture materials