Diagram of the Decayed Tooth

Diagram of the Decayed Tooth

The picture displays a cavity in cross-section of an upper and lower "cuspid" tooth. The decay is caused by a demineralization of the hard tooth structure by the dental plaque invading the interior of the tooth. The cavity has not yet penetrated to the pulp (dental nerve). Regular preventive care can detect these carious lesions and a filling can be placed before more damage is done.

Diagram of The Decay Process (Plate 1)

Decay has not penetrated the dentino-enamel junction

Diagram of The Decay Process (Plate 2)

 

Decay has penetrated into the dentin

Diagram of The Decay Process (Plate 3)

Decay has penetrated into the dentin and is very close to the dental nerve

Diagram of The Decay Process (Plate 4)

Decay has penetrated into pulp and has caused an abscess

Analysis of 154 cases of teeth with cracks

Byoung-Duck Roh, Young-Eun Lee

Roh BD, Lee YE. Analysis of 154 cases of teeth with cracks. © Blackwell Munksgaard, 2006. Abstract – It is well known that cracked teeth occur most frequently in the mandibular molars with large or poor restorations, in those over 50 years of age. However, with increasing knowledge and experience with cracks of teeth, cracks appear to be found frequently in intact teeth without restorations. The aim of this study is to analyze the cases of tooth cracks in a dental hospital in a year, and to find out the characteristic features of cracks of teeth. For 1 year, each tooth that were identified as a cracked tooth was recorded and analyzed in terms of the classification of cavity and restorative material, the nature of opposing tooth, the location in the arch, the age and gender, and the clinical signs and symptoms, and treatment result. Cracked teeth were observed most frequently in the teeth with no restorations (60.4%) and with class I restorations (29.2%). The most prevalent age was in those over 40 years of age (31.2% in their 40s, 26.6% in their 50s) and the prevalence was similar in men (53.9%) and women (46.1%). Cracked teeth were found most frequently in the maxillary molars (33.8% in first molar, 23.4% in second molar) than in the mandibular molars (20.1% in first molar, 16.2% in second molar). 96.1% of the cracked teeth responded to the bite test, and 81.1% of the cracked teeth were observed in the mesiodistal direction. The prevalence of cracked tooth was highest in the intact teeth with no restoration, in maxillary molars, and in those over 40 years of age. When examining a intact maxillary posterior tooth that is sensitive to a bite and thermal change, crack in the mesiodistal direction need to be considered one of the causes.

RESIN FILLINGS (BONDING)

Image of a Tooth Restored with Composite Resin

The amalgam filling on the premolar is replaced with a bonded resin filling

Image of the use of Bonding to Close the Space in the Patients front Teeth

Image of the Repair of a Fractured Front Tooth with Resin (bonding)

Acetaminophen; Hydrocodone Bitartrate

Generic ID #: d000070

Form—Oral

Generic Name   Acetaminophen; Hydrocodone Bitartrate(a-seat-a-mee'-noe-fen)(hye-droe-koe'-done bye-tar'-trate ) Brand names   Lorcet Vicodin

What is Acetaminophen; Hydrocodone Bitartrate? Acetaminophen; hydrocodone is used to treat moderate to moderately severe pain.

How Do I Use Acetaminophen; Hydrocodone Bitartrate? Take this medicine by mouth. Measure the liquid form of this medicine using a measuring spoon or dropper, not a kitchen spoon.

Take this medicine by mouth.

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Side Effects Tell your doctor about any side effects that happen to you.
Possible Side Effects Feeling dizzy Vomiting Feeling sick to your stomach Trouble thinking clearly Trouble with bowel movements Feeling anxious or scared	Rare/Severe Side Effects Sweating Cold skin Feeling weak or sleepy Hives Itching Seek immediate medical attention if any of these side effects happen to you. Yellow color in your eyes or skin Trouble swallowing Wheezing Trouble breathing Feeling lightheaded or fainting Dizziness when standing up Dizziness when sitting up

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Do take extra caution when driving or operating machinery on the days you take this medicine.

Do Do take this medicine exactly as your doctor tells you to. Do take extra caution when driving or operating machinery on the days you take this medicine. Do talk to your doctor or pharmacist if you have any questions or concerns about this medicine. Do tell your doctor if you have had a reaction to this medicine or any other medicine. Do be aware that some people become addicted to this medicine. Do be aware that you may need to have laboratory tests done while taking this medicine. Do keep this medicine in a cool, dry place away from sunlight. Do always shake the liquid form of this medicine well before using. Do rinse the measuring spoon or dropper after using the liquid form of this medicine.

Don't Don't drink alcohol before or after taking this medicine. Don't use this medicine if you are breast-feeding. Don't take more than one dose at a time. Don't increase the amount of the dose unless directed by your doctor. Don't start taking any new medicine (including birth control pills) without first telling your doctor or pharmacist. Don't keep this medicine in the bathroom because of the heat and moisture

استامینوفن

Acetaminophen

Generic ID #: d000005

Form—Oral

Generic Name   Acetaminophen(a-seat-a-min'-oh-fen) Brand names   Tylenol

What is Acetaminophen? Acetaminophen is used to treat mild to moderate pain associated with: Heachache Muscular and back aches Arthritis Common cold and flu Toothache Menstrual cramps Acetaminophen is used to reduce fever.

How Do I Use Acetaminophen? Take this medicine by mouth. Measure the liquid form of this medicine using a measuring spoon or dropper, not a kitchen spoon. May be taken on an empty or full stomach.

Measure the liquid form of this medicine using a measuring spoon or dropper, not a kitchen spoon.

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Side Effects Tell your doctor about any side effects that happen to you.

Rare/Severe Side Effects Hives Itching Seek immediate medical attention if any of these side effects happen to you. Yellow color in your eyes or skin Wheezing Trouble breathing Not willing to eat Unusual bleeding or bruising Bloody or black tarry stools Fever or sore throat Feeling sick to your stomach Vomiting Feeling weak or sleepy Stomach cramps or stomach pain

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Do Do take this medicine exactly as your doctor tells you to. Do talk to your doctor or pharmacist if you have any questions or concerns about this medicine. Do tell your dentist and pharmacist about all of the medicines you take — prescription, nonprescription, vitamins, minerals, and herbals. Do tell your doctor if you have had a reaction to this medicine or any other medicine. Do tell your dentist if you drink 3 or more alcoholic drinks every day. Do keep this medicine in a cool, dry place away from sunlight. Do always shake the liquid form of this medicine well before using. Do rinse the measuring spoon or dropper after using the liquid form of this medicine. Do keep this and all medicines out of the reach of children.

Don't Don't drink alcohol before or after taking this medicine. Don't take more than one dose at a time. Don't increase the amount of the dose unless directed by your doctor. Don't start taking any new medicine (including birth control pills, over-the-counter drugs, herbal products, or nutritional supplements) without first telling your dentist or pharmacist. Don't keep this medicine in the bathroom because of the heat and moisture. Don't take this medicine if you are pregnant, planning on becoming pregnant, or nursing without first talking to your dentist or pharmacist.

Don't keep this medicine in the bathroom because of the